How to become an HVAC technician

HVAC technicians are the unsung heroes behind our daily comfort, ensuring that heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems run efficiently and safely.

These professionals possess a mix of mechanical know-how, customer service skills, and technical expertise to install, maintain, and repair HVAC systems. Let’s dive into this fulfilling career path and discover the journey to becoming an HVAC technician.

What does an HVAC technician do?

At the intersection of engineering and practical problem-solving, HVAC technicians make sure that the systems controlling our indoor climate operate perfectly.

The specific types of devices an HVAC technician might work on include:

• air conditioners
• heating systems
• ventilation systems
• refrigeration equipment
• air quality devices
• controls and thermostats
• chillers
• rooftop units
• evaporative coolers

How long does it take to become an HVAC technician?

Completing HVAC technician school will take between 6 months and 2 years. It just depends on whether you go for a certificate program, which takes less than a year to complete, or an associate degree, which takes about 2 years. If you choose to do an apprenticeship, it will take another 3 to 5 years.

How to become an HVAC technician in 4 steps

Here are all the key HVAC technician requirements you’ll need to start your career:

Step 1 – Complete an HVAC technician training program

Begin with an accredited HVAC job training program, which can be an associate degree or a certificate. You’ll study:

• thermodynamics and system components
• installation and repair techniques
• refrigeration and heating technologies
• electrical systems and controls
• safety procedures

Find an HVAC technician school near you and heat up your career!

Step 2 – Get hands-on experience

After completing their schooling, most HVAC technicians gain their initial practical experience through apprenticeships, working under the guidance of experienced professionals. These apprenticeships provide invaluable hands-on training in real-world settings. Apprenticeship hours may be a requirement for licensure in your state.

You can search for HVAC apprenticeships on online job boards as well as industry-specific sites like the Air Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA) and the Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Contractors Association (PHCC). Local union offices, such as the United Association (UA), often offer apprenticeship programs, while trade schools can have connections with local employers.

Alternatively, some choose to jump into the HVAC profession through entry-level helper positions, assisting seasoned technicians and gradually taking on more responsibilities as they hone their skills.

Step 3 – Get licensed

The majority of states require HVAC technicians to be licensed. However, the specifics of the licensing, such as the exams, fees, required experience, and education, vary from state to state. Be sure to check with your state’s regulatory board or appropriate government department for the most current licensing requirements.

Step 4 – Earn HVAC certification

Aside from getting licensed, you can also pursue specialized certifications.

Several organizations offer certification exams, such as NATE (North American Technician Excellence) or HVAC Excellence.

Also keep in mind that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) mandates a national certification for HVAC technicians handling refrigerant recovery and recycling.

Depending on your specialty or the specific systems you service, you might also need one or more of these certifications:

• Type I EPA Certification: For technicians servicing small appliances like window AC units, refrigerators, etc.
• Type II EPA Certification: Targets high-pressure appliances. Technicians working on residential ACs and supermarket refrigeration would need this.
• Type III EPA Certification: For those servicing or disposing of low-pressure appliances, like chillers.
• R-410A Certification: For technicians working with the R-410A refrigerant, a common coolant in modern AC systems.
• Indoor Air Quality Certification: For technicians keen on specializing in optimizing and maintaining indoor air quality.
• Preventive Maintenance Certification: For technicians focusing on the preventive upkeep of HVAC systems.

The study and exam process for these can range from a few days to several months, depending on the complexity and mode of study.

HVAC technician salary info

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, HVAC technicians earn an average annual wage of about $48,630 per year or $23.38 per hour. However, this figure can vary based on certification, specialization, and location.

HVAC technician job growth

The demand for HVAC technicians is expected to grow by 5% between 2021 and 2031, which is the average for all occupations.

Final thoughts

Breaking the norms of the traditional job market, HVAC proves that you don’t need a degree to forge a successful and lucrative career. HVAC technicians enter the field quickly, avoiding the extended time and financial constraints of traditional education. If you’re seeking a dynamic role that combines practical skills with instant financial returns, HVAC could be the perfect choice for you.